ABSTRACT
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BRD3A was isolated from Atingba, a traditional fermented rice-based beverage of Manipur. Its genomic sequence has 13 contigs and its genome size is 3,320,817 bp with a guanine-cytosine (GC) ratio of 44.6%. It comprises 3185 genes including 3112 coding sequences (CDSs), 73 RNAs (including 66 tRNAs and others), and one clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) array. A comparative and phylogenetic analysis with the Lp. plantarum genome shows that this strain has close similarity with other Lp. plantarum strains and about 99% average nucleotide identity. Functional annotation using evolutionary genealogy of genes-non-supervised orthologous groups (EggNOG) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) reveals genes associated with various biological processes such as metabolism, genetic information processing, and transport functions. Furthermore, the strain harbors bacteriocins like plantaricin E, Plantaricin F, and Enterocin X categorized under class IIb by the BAGEL4 database, indicating its potential antimicrobial properties. Additionally, AntiSMASH web server predicted four secondary regions-T3PKS, terpene, cyclic lactone inducer, and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP)-suggesting an even higher antimicrobial potential. We validated the antimicrobial activity of Lp. plantarum BRD3A through in vitro experiments in which it exhibited promising bactericidal effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, inhibiting their biofilm growth. These findings indicate the potential of Lp. plantarum BRD3A to be used as an alternative to conventional antibiotics.
ABSTRACT
Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is a plant with many medicinal values which is extensively used in traditional system of medicine for curing various diseases and ailments, including cancer. The aim of the present study is to identify Zanthoxylum armatum collected from different parts of Manipur, India, at molecular level. Molecular markers like internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and other DNA barcoding genes such as matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF were targeted to find out the most suitable DNA barcode for identifying this species. Sequences obtained using the five primer pairs-ITS An5 and ITS An4, matK-413f-1 and matK-1227r-1, rbcL-1F and rbcL-724R, psbA-F and trnH-R and trnL-F and trnF-R were submitted to GenBank, NCBI. Amongst the five DNA barcoding targets, one nuclear and four chloroplast genes were successfully amplified by PCR (100%) and sequencing (100%) in all the eight plant samples. Sequence similarity of total ITS region (620 bp) when compared to the reference sequence were found to be between 98.55 and 99.68%. In our study, ITS sequence in combination with DNA barcoding sequences of rbcL, trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF was very successful in identification of Z. armatum and differentiate other species clearly in the phylogeny analysis. Our work shows ITS region to be the most suitable DNA barcode which formed a monophyletic group of the species in the phylogenetic tree analysis. The sequences of the barcoding genes of Z. armatum DC. obtained from this study adds to the already available resources which will be helpful in the future research endeavours.
